aptitude 和 apt-get 一样，是 Debian 及其衍生系统中功能极其强大的包管理工具。

aptitude 与 apt-get 不同的是，aptitude 在处理依赖问题上要更好一些。

aptitude 整合了 dselect 和 apt-get 的所有功能, 并提供的更多特性，特别是在依赖关系的处理上。

---

譬如：aptitude 在删除一个包时，会同时删除本身所依赖的包。 这样的话，系统中不会残留无用的包，整个系统会更为干净。

示例： uname -a

 

Basic Syntax

---

aptitude [-S fname] [-u|-i]

aptitude [options] <action> ...

---

注意：

aptitude 没有 Super Cow Powers。

 

Options

#	Parameter	EN Explanation	Chinese Translation	Remark
h	This help text.
--no-gui	Do not use the GTK GUI even if available.
-s	Simulate actions, but do not actually perform them.
-d	Only download packages, do not install or remove anything.
P	ways prompt for confirmation of actions.
-y	Assume that the answer to simple yes/no questions is 'yes'.
F forma	Specify a format for displaying search results; see the manual.
O	Specify how search results should be sorted; see the manual.
w width	Specify the display width for formatting search results.
f	vely try to fix broken packages.
V	Show which versions of packages are to be installed.
D	Show the dependencies of automatically changed packages.
Z	Show the change in installed size of each package.
v	Display extra information. (may be supplied multiple times).
[release]	Set the release from which packages should be installed.
q	In command-line mode, suppress the incremental progress indicators.
key=va	Directly set the configuration option named 'key'.
with(out)-recomm	Specify whether or not to treat recommends as strong dependencies.
S fnam	Read the aptitude extended status info from fname.
-u	Download new package lists on startup. (terminal interface only)
i	Perform an install run on startup. (terminal interface only)

 

Action

#	Parameter	EN Explanation	Chinese Translation	Remark
insta	Install/upgrade packages.	安装/升级 包。
mov	Remove packages.	移除包。
purg	Remove packages and their configuration files.	移除包及其配置文件。
hold	Place packages on hold.
unh	Cancel a hold command for a package.
m	Mark packages as having been automatically installed.
unmarkau	Mark packages as having been manually installed.
forbid-v	Forbid aptitude from upgrading to a specific package version.
upda	Download lists of new/upgradable packages.	下载 新/可升级 包列表。
fe-up	Perform a safe upgrade.	履行安全升级。
full-upgra	Perform an upgrade, possibly installing and removing packages.
p	Install the build-dependencies of packages.
forget-new	Forget what packages are "new".
search	Search for a package by name and/or expression.	按名称 和/或 表达式搜索包。
how	Display detailed information about a package.	显示包详细信息。
v	Displays the versions of specified packages.
an	Erase downloaded package files.	擦除已下载的包文件。
autoclean	Erase old downloaded package files.	擦除旧的已下载的包文件。
hangelog	View a package's changelog.
w	Download the .deb file for a package.
insta	Download and (possibly) reinstall a currently installed package.
w	Show the manually installed packages that require a package, or why one or more packages would require the given package.
why-n	Show the manually installed packages that lead to a conflict with the given package, or why one or more packages would lead to a conflict with the given package if installed.

Feature	#	Command Specification	Literal Explanation	Example	Example Explanation
安装	aptitude install pkgnam	安装/升级 包 pkgnam
移除	ptitude remove pkgnam	移除包 pkgnam
清洁移除	aptitude purge pkgnam	移除包 pkgname 及其配置文件
更新	ptitude up	下载 新/可升级 包列表
升级	aptitude upgra	升级可用包
	aptitude dist-upgra	将系统升级到新发行版
搜索	ptitude search pkgnam	按名称 pkgname 搜索包
	ptitude search exp	按表达式 expression 搜索包
展示	aptitude show pkgnam	显示包 pkgname 的详细信息
清理	p	擦除已下载的包文件
	p	擦除旧的已下载的包文件