aptitude 和 apt-get 一样，是 Debian 及其衍生系统中功能极其强大的包管理工具。

aptitude 与 apt-get 不同的是，aptitude 在处理依赖问题上要更好一些。

aptitude 整合了 dselect 和 apt-get 的所有功能, 并提供的更多特性，特别是在依赖关系的处理上。

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譬如：aptitude 在删除一个包时，会同时删除本身所依赖的包。 这样的话，系统中不会残留无用的包，整个系统会更为干净。

示例： uname -a

 

Basic Syntax

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aptitude [-S fname] [-u|-i]

aptitude [options] <action> ...

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注意：

aptitude 没有 Super Cow Powers。

 

Option 参数

#	Parameter	EN Explanation	Chinese Translation	Remark
01	h	This help text.
02	--no-gui	Do not use the GTK GUI even if available.
03	-s	Simulate actions, but do not actually perform them.
04	-d	Only download packages, do not install or remove anything.
05	P	ways prompt for confirmation of actions.
06	-y	Assume that the answer to simple yes/no questions is 'yes'.
07	F forma	Specify a format for displaying search results; see the manual.
08	O	Specify how search results should be sorted; see the manual.
09	w width	Specify the display width for formatting search results.
10	f	vely try to fix broken packages.
11	V	Show which versions of packages are to be installed.
12	D	Show the dependencies of automatically changed packages.
13	Z	Show the change in installed size of each package.
14	v	Display extra information. (may be supplied multiple times).
15	[release]	Set the release from which packages should be installed.
16	q	In command-line mode, suppress the incremental progress indicators.
17	key=va	Directly set the configuration option named 'key'.
18	with(out)-recomm	Specify whether or not to treat recommends as strong dependencies.
19	S fnam	Read the aptitude extended status info from fname.
20	-u	Download new package lists on startup. (terminal interface only)
21	i	Perform an install run on startup. (terminal interface only)

 

Action 参数

#	Parameter	EN Explanation	Chinese Translation	Remark
01	insta	Install/upgrade packages.	安装/升级 包。
02	mov	Remove packages.	移除包。
03	purg	Remove packages and their configuration files.	移除包及其配置文件。
04	hold	Place packages on hold.
05	unh	Cancel a hold command for a package.
06	m	Mark packages as having been automatically installed.
07	unmarkau	Mark packages as having been manually installed.
08	forbid-v	Forbid aptitude from upgrading to a specific package version.
09	upda	Download lists of new/upgradable packages.	下载 新/可升级 包列表。
10	fe-up	Perform a safe upgrade.	履行安全升级。
11	full-upgra	Perform an upgrade, possibly installing and removing packages.
12	p	Install the build-dependencies of packages.
13	forget-new	Forget what packages are "new".
14	search	Search for a package by name and/or expression.	按名称 和/或 表达式搜索包。
15	how	Display detailed information about a package.	显示包详细信息。
16	v	Displays the versions of specified packages.
17	an	Erase downloaded package files.	擦除已下载的包文件。
18	autoclean	Erase old downloaded package files.	擦除旧的已下载的包文件。
19	hangelog	View a package's changelog.
20	w	Download the .deb file for a package.
21	insta	Download and (possibly) reinstall a currently installed package.
22	w	Show the manually installed packages that require a package, or why one or more packages would require the given package.
23	why-n	Show the manually installed packages that lead to a conflict with the given package, or why one or more packages would lead to a conflict with the given package if installed.

Feature	#	Command Specification	Literal Explanation	Example	Example Explanation
安装	01	aptitude install pkgnam	安装/升级 包 pkgnam
移除	01	ptitude remove pkgnam	移除包 pkgnam
清洁移除	01	aptitude purge pkgnam	移除包 pkgname 及其配置文件
更新	01	ptitude up	下载 新/可升级 包列表
升级	01	aptitude upgra	升级可用包
	02	aptitude dist-upgra	将系统升级到新发行版
搜索	01	ptitude search pkgnam	按名称 pkgname 搜索包
	02	ptitude search exp	按表达式 expression 搜索包
展示	01	aptitude show pkgnam	显示包 pkgname 的详细信息
清理	01	p	擦除已下载的包文件
	02	p	擦除旧的已下载的包文件